Role of Predation on the Chaotic Dynamics in Ecological Systems
- Ranjit Kumar Upadhyay
Contact: ranjit_ism@yahoo.com
Abstract: In this paper, two ecological models are presented to study the role of predation on the chaotic dynamics in ecological systems. In both model systems, criteria for the existence of equilibria and their local stability are derived. Computer simulations are conducted to test the analytical findings for both model systems. It is observed that systems under consideration exhibit chaotic dynamics if the rate of self-reproduction of the prey is high. It is also found that the transitions in the dynamical states are caused either by changes in system parameters or by exogenous stochastic influences. In the system without the generalist predator, these transitions are caused by joint action of deterministic agents (seasonality, some anthropogenic activities such as harvesting, etc.) and exogenous stochastic factors. 

Wind Tunnel Studies on Across-Wind Interference Effects Between Two Models of Chimneys
- S. Arunachalam1 and N. Lakshmanan
Contact: s.arunachalam@juet.ac.in
Abstract: Wind tunnel experiments were conducted on isolated aero-elastic chimney models under simulated atmospheric boundary layer conditions and across-wind tip deflections for various wind speeds were evaluated. Wind-induced interference effects between two chimneys located at a fixed spacing in a tandem arrangement were experimentally investigated. Six different test configurations were studied as discussed. Results are presented in terms of shedding frequency, Strouhal number, and spectra of across-wind tip deflections for various cases. Experimental results are compared with literature which show a good agreement.

Application of Fast Fourier Transform and Inverse Fast Fourier Transform for the Reconstruction of Instantaneous Heavy-duty Emissions
- Madhava R. Madireddy, Lijuan Wang and Nigel N. Clark
Contact: madireddy1@gmail.com
Abstract: With increasing restrictions by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) on heavy-duty emissions, there developed a need for obtaining accurate instantaneous emissions models which can predict engine-out emissions. Instantaneous data will also be of interest to engine designers who optimize engine control strategies and devise exhaust after-treatment methods to optimize performance and emissions. Several efforts had been made by the researchers to reconstruct the true transient emissions. This paper provides the application of Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) and Inverse Fast Fourier Transform (IFFT) for emission reconstruction. The continuous data in the time-domain can be converted into a spectrum of frequency components by FFT, while IFFT synthesizes the continuous data in the time domain from a spectrum of such frequency components. However, there are some constraints associated with the frequency of the data under consideration in order to ensure stability of this method. The reconstructed data were compared with the corresponding measured data and the results are presented. It is widely accepted throughout the research community that engine power is a good representation of instantaneous data. Hence the correlation of the reconstructed emissions with power is a good indication of the effectiveness of the reconstruction. Several cases were examined and it was found that the reconstructed data correlated better (2% more R2) than the measured data with engine power.
 

Application of <R|V> Technique Using T-Norm and T-Co-Norm with Reference to the Disease Diarrhea
- Rakesh K. Tripathi, Sai Hareesh, Vivek Raich and Kumar Dookhitram
Contact: drrakeshkumartripathi@gmail.com; saihareesh01@gmail.com
Abstract: Interval valued fuzzy matrices (IVFM) play an important role in science, medicine and engineering. The < R|V > technique is a recent approach for the multiplication of IVFM, where the usual union and intersection defined on crisp sets are used. In this paper, we propose to apply the Product and Lukasiewicz norm and co-norm for the union and intersection of IVFM. The new procedures are applied to the study case of the diarrhea disease based on data collected from Ram Sanehi Charitable Trust Hospital Bhilwara (Rajasthan). From the study case, we observe that the use of Lukasiewicz t-norm and t-co-norm in the < R|V > technique is more significant for diagnosis as compared to the fuzzy union and intersection, and product t-norm and t-co-norm.
 

Preparation and Characterization of Nanoporous Schwertmannite for Defluoridation of Water
- Aparajita Goswami and Mihir K. Purkait
Contact: mihir@iitg.ernet.in
Abstract: Nanoporous schwertmannite (Sch) was prepared as efficient adsorbent for fluoride adsorption from contaminated drinking water. The prepared adsorbent was characterized by BET, LPSA, XRD and FESEM analysis. The adsorption behavior of the synthesized adsorbent was investigated at various contact time, adsorbent dose, solution pH, stirring speed, temperature and co-existence of other ions. The kinetic study revealed that the defluoridation system followed mainly pseudo second order kinetic model and chemisorption was dominated. Thermodynamic study concluded that the adsorption of fluoride in Sch was spontaneous and exothermic in nature. The adsorption equilibrium was studied with Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin and Dubinin Rasdushkevich isotherms and it was observed that the defluoridation of water followed both Langmuir and Temkin isotherm with maximum adsorption capacity of 12.3 mg/g. A regeneration technique was adopted in order to reuse the adsorbent for better economy of the process. Finally, a process design calculation was reported to know the amount of adsorbent required for efficient removal of fluoride from aqueous medium. The high adsorption capacity of Sch points towards the potential of this adsorbent for fluoride removal from aqueous medium.

Optimization of Branch Coverage Ratio Using Teaching Learning Based Optimization Technique for Automated Test Case Generation
- Maneesh Kumar, Rajdev Tiwari, Somesh Kumar and Rajkumar Goel
Contact: maneeshniet1987@gmail.com; rajdevtiwari@yahoo.com;  someshkumarrajput@rediffmail.com; raj9921@yahoo.com

Abstract: Software Testing is the most significant and critical phase in software development life cycle (SDLC). There are several research proposed for developed a low cost, scalable and effective method for software testing. According to the prior arts on software testing, this process is a labor-demanding, and henceforth expensive, however comprehensively used technique to control quality of software. In this paper we introduce a new automated software test case generation method using a novel efficient optimization method, called “Teaching-Learning-Based Optimization (TLBO)”. TLBO is a population-based method like other nature-inspired algorithm and uses a population of solutions to proceed to the global solution. This paper also extends the random testing method by the uses of TLBO where the fitness function is based on the branch coverage method. The experiment results shows the effectiveness of our algorithm and method.

Identification of Cracks in Beams Using a New Merged Technique
- Bhagat Singh and Amit Sharma
Contact: bhagat.singh@juet.ac.in
Abstract: In the present work, a new merged technique based on response surface methodology and genetic algorithm has been developed to detect cracks in cantilever beams. In this paper, a numerical analysis as well as an experimental study is designed to predict a single open crack in cantilever beams. The crack is modeled using response surface methodology. In this study, Box-Behnken design of experiments has been employed to develop a second-order polynomial expression for predicting the values of first three natural frequencies of the damaged cantilever beam. The weighted sum of the squared errors between the measured and computed natural frequencies is used as the objective function. This objective function is minimized using genetic algorithm (GA) optimization technique. The results show that both the size and location of the crack can be predicted well through this method.
 

Performance Comparison of Reduced Swing Domino Logic Techniques
- Mitesh J. Limachia and Nikhil Kothari
Contact: miteshjlimachia@rediffmail.com; nil_kothari@ddu.ac.in
Abstract: Dynamic domino logic style is preferred in high performance complex circuit design due to its higher speed and lesser transistor requirement as compared to static CMOS logic style. Domino logic has inherent disadvantages like high power dissipation and decreased tolerance to noise. However, the voltage swing affects the charging and discharging characteristics of the parasitic capacitance CL at the dynamic node, which may in turn affect on characteristics of output node. Reduced voltage swing domino techniques (SSRS & RSMRD) decrease the power dissipation by reducing the voltage swing at the dynamic node of domino circuits. Results of extensive simulations carried out over a range of clock frequencies and analyze the power consumption of different domino logic configurations for 90nm CMOS technology. We also evaluate the noise immunity and delay performance of reduced swing techniques because of the impact of its larger CL.

 

Analysis of Energy-Efficient Single Phase Adiabatic Logic at Sub-100 nm CMOS Technology
- Jitendra Kanungo and S. Das Gupta
Contact: jitendra.kanungo@juet.ac.in; sudebfec@iitr.ernet.in
Abstract: In this paper, a comparative analysis among the MOSFET diode based quasi static single phase adiabatic logic circuits and other reported single phase adiabatic logic circuits is carried out at 90 nm CMOS technology node. Proposed research work explores the energy efficiency and functionality of single phase adiabatic logic at sub-100 nm CMOS technology scaling. Results show that about 3-fold energy saving over conventional CMOS circuit is possible with the single phase adiabatic circuit driven by an energy-efficient Power Clock Generator (PCG).